Watches the bamboo bonsai management technology　　

Bamboo, tall and straight beautiful, branches and leaves varied, the four seasons are often green, is our country tradition garden decorative plant. It with the plum, the orchid, the chrysanthemum called is "four gentlemen", Song Dynasty poet Su Dongpo said: "Rather the food does not have the meat, cannot occupy does not have the bamboo". At the present, the bamboo also is regarded as by the people decorates lives at home, high quality goods of the environment, north the people like the bamboo especially, but because open-air transplants the winter temperature excessively to be low but is unable to survive, therefore places the bonsai bamboo in the room to watch is the good way.
　　Watches the bamboo bonsai synopsis
　　First, watches the choice which the bonsai bamboo plants
　　Watches the bonsai bamboo take the stalk shape unusual, the branches and leaves beautiful, the stalk leaf has the color middle and small scale and the place as is been good by the bamboo class, including the view stalk shape, the stalk color, Ye Se, shape several big kinds, presently partial finely will watch the bonsai bamboo to plant the classification as follows:
　　1. views stalk shape class (1) phyllostachys aurea (golden bamboo) Ph.The aurea bamboo stalk base or middle below the number festival abnormally reduces, the internode swelling or hangs shrinks, shape if human surface; (2) Small buddha bamboo B.The ventricosa bamboo stalk diminutive grow thickly, the internode contraction expands, takes the form of "the Buddha stomach"; (3) Big buddha bamboo B.Vulgaris Cv.The Wamin bamboo stalk are big, the diameter amounts to 8 centimeters, the stalk and knottiness the contraction swelling assumes the Buddha stomach shape; (4) side bamboo Ch.The quadrangularis base stalk assume the square shape, underneath the stalk but on the circle; (5) 筇 bamboo Q.The tumidinoda stalk link intensely sticks out like two buckles to gather the shape, the shape like abacus beads.
　　2. views stalk color class (1) black bamboo (black bamboo) Ph.The nigra new stalk green, the fall winter changed gradually in the past for the purple black; (2) Spot bamboo (mottled bamboo) Ph.Bambusoides f.Lacrima - the deae bamboo stalk green, has the purple black mottling and the spot; (3) Jin Ming bamboo Ph.Bambusoides var.Castillonis The bamboo stalk and the branch assume the yellow, the cannelure assumes the emerald thickly, the bamboo leaves is green, branching development; (4) Yellow stalk filial piety chicken bamboo Ph.Vivax F.The aureocalis stalk diameter 3 to 5 centimeters, the bamboo stalk assumes uniquely golden yellow, middle below the rule does not have thickly is thin does not wait for the bottle green stripe; (5) Huang Wenzhu Ph.Vivax F.The huanwenzhu bamboo stalk green, a branching side cannelure is golden yellow. In addition, but also has Jin Xiangyu bamboo Ph.Aureosulcata F.Spectabilis (bamboo stalk golden yellow, trench green), Huang Ganjing bamboo Ph.Aureosulcata F.Aureocaulis (bamboo stalk are completely golden yellow), Huang Caoshi greem bamboo P h.Arcana F.Luteosulcata (bamboo stalk green, cannelure is yellow), between the gold green bamboo B.Vulgaris cv.Vittata (large-scale grows thickly bamboo, stalk and branch golden yellow, has green vertical stripe) and so on.
　　3. views Ye Selei (1) white grain masculine and feminine elements bamboo Hi.Tranguillans F.Shiroshima bamboo stalk obvious, is high 1.5 meters, the leaf blade is spacious, has the wide yellow stripe, originally produces Japan; (2) Philippine Baizhu Sasa Fortunei by the bamboo, the stalk height 25 centimeters, the leaf blade green is had the obvious white or the faint yellow wide stripe; (3) Huang Tiaojin strong bamboo used for handicrafts Pl.Kongosanensis F.Aureostriaus by the bamboo, the stalk height 30 centimeters, the leaf blade is been spacious, the green, the rule does not have the yellow stripe; (4) Indocalamus In.The herklosii stalk are high 1.5 meters, bamboo leaves spacious, the four seasons are often green.
　　4. views categories (1) bambusa nana B.Glaucescens var.Riviererum grows thickly the bamboo, the leaf blade is small, the platoon becomes two rows on the small branch, takes the form of the plumose duplicate leaf, often prunes the sphere; (2) Small qin string and woodwind instruments (flowered filial bamboo) B.Glaucescens F.Alphonse - karr grows thickly the bamboo, new stalk pink, old stalk golden yellow, the rule does not have the green vertical stripe; (3) Chinese olive bamboo Acidosasa gi Gantean bamboo stalk tall and straight, branching development, bamboo leaves thick, bamboo crown layered, the leaf blade is soft, the micro wrinkle.
　　Second, bonsai facility and material preparation
　　1. Gig awning just planted the trough bamboo should place provides shade under the condition to maintain, north the winter had to survive the winter in the room. Therefore, in front of bonsai bamboo should construct the facility, the cover provides shade the net, guaranteed the burning hot summer can provide shade, the cold winter can keep warm, the condition is good also may the necessary heating apparatus.
　　In 2. water sources bonsais bamboo management the moisture content management work load is biggest, also the direct influence survives. Therefore, transplants the place to have to have the sufficient moisture content supply, can meet the production needs.
　　3. troughs earth bamboo happy acidity, slight acidity or neutral soil, by pH4.5 to 7.0 For is suitable, the death anniversary sticks, the alkali soil heavily. North soil alkalinity, may join 0.2% ferrous sulfate. The trough earth best for loose is fertile, the draining water good sand nature loam, may use the farmland earth to mix the red clay, the humus soil and the fine sand. The Philippine Baizhu like transplants the survival rate with the ordinary trough earth lowly, may use the vermiculite or the peat coal mixes the pearlite to take the matrix, the survival rate is high.
　　4. fertilizers bamboos fertilizer by organic fat primarily, after the well-rotted compost livestock excrement, trash is fat and the fluviatile mud and so on may. The organic fat main achievement base fertilizer, mixes into in the trough earth to mix the use, the amount used generally for the trough earth quantity 10% to 15%.
　　5. troughs bodies bonsai bamboo's trough body may use the plastic pot, model the feeding trough, the nutrition earthen bowl, grows seedlings the bag, the earthenware pot and Tao Pen and so on, with the nutrition earthen bowl, grows seedlings the bag economically, the effect is also good. According to bamboo's size choice trough, by the bamboo like Philippines Baizhu, may use 10×10, 13×12 the centimeter nutrition earthen bowl; The small bamboo like phyllostachys aurea may use 30×30 the centimeter nutrition earthen bowl; The medium bamboo like yellow stalk filial piety chicken bamboo may use 30×45, 35×50 the centimeter to grow seedlings the bag.
　　Third, installs the trough process
　　1. installs the trough time to disperse lives the bamboo to install the trough time take spring bamboo shoots unearthed front 2, in March and the autumn 9, in October as good, is been best by the bamboo by February. Grows thickly the bamboo because the summer fall leaves the bamboo shoots, as is good take the spring 3 to May.
　　2. installs the trough request from the bamboo plant nursery center, the branching low, the bamboo leaves is luxuriant, a shape artisticly watches the bamboo, digs 2 to a 3 clump takes. Digs when must bring the original soil, guarantees the whip bud and the whip root integrity. After digs transports immediately to shade cold, to leaf surface spraying of water. Digs transports the bamboo not to have to sway the bamboo stalk, in order to avoid damages "the screw bolt", affects survives. Like bamboo too high, should eliminate the tip of a branch, the bamboo leaves too are many, may excise the partial leaf blades. In when the room places, bamboo high control about 2 meters.
　　3. installs the trough main point installs when the trough the trough sets level first, a trough floor padding ventilation material like spalls, the cinder. Afterwards fills in trough earth, loads the bamboo in the trough. Finally the earth fill, on the one hand the earth fill on the other hand uses the wooden bat all around to beat again in the trough the earth the reality. After installs the trough, irrigates the water percolation immediately, until has Shui Congpen the undercurrent to leave.
　
　　The bonsai bamboo maintains the management
　　In order to guarantee the bonsai bamboo survives, the vigorous and healthy growth and Paris green is refined, must strengthen maintains the management, main work including following several aspects:
　　1. moisture contents management bamboo happy wet fears the ponding. After installs the trough first Shui Yaojiao to pass, later will maintain the trough earth to be moist, might not water excessively many, otherwise Yi Lanbian rotten root. From installs the trough to survive the stage also to have frequently to the leaf blade spraying of water. If the trough earth lacks the water, the bamboo leaves speak the curl, this time, should promptly water, then the bamboo leaves can launch. The average waters a time in the summer 1 to 2 days, in the winter few waterings, but must guarantee the trough earth is moist, by guards against "does frozen".
　　2. fertilizers management bonsai bamboo fertilizer mainly by installs when the trough mixes into in the trough earth organic fat primarily, after the bamboo survives the suitable topdressing, "is thin fat industriously executes", in spring Xia Shuishi 0.5% urea or 1.0% duplicate Hefei.
　　3. disease-carrying insects preventing and controlling bonsai bamboo insect pest mainly has the ophid, the shell insect and so on, may use 80% phosphate insecticide emulsion or 40% rogor emulsion 1,000 time of fluids sprays; Plant disease mainly has the coal dirt sickness, Cong Zhi sickness and so on, must strengthen the management, promptly prunes the diseased plant.
　　4. other management high temperatures season, should move the bonsai bamboo to shade cold, avoids hot sun insolation. Gig awning must cover provides shade the net, and to the leaf blade spraying of water, the maintenance leaf color is Paris green. The winter must move the bonsai bamboo to leeward toward the sun place or the room in, big awning covers the heat preservation with the plastic film.